Gas retort



Allg. 20, 1929. H, KQPPERS n 1,725,149

GAS RETORT Filed July 8, 1921 Patented Aug. 20, 1929.

UNITED STATES Parri-:lar oFFlcE.

HEINRICH KOPPERS, 0F ESSEN-RUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE XOPPERS DE-VELOPMENT CORPORATION, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

GAS RETORT.

Application led July 8, 1921, Serial N'o. 483,143, and in GermanyFebruary 2, 1920.

-oven constituted of several retorts assembled in a joint envelope andproviding for preheating of gas and air in single-chamber regenerators,combined with an arrangement for the distribution of the two fuels, bymeans of which uniforinit in heating of the retorts is promoted. uch abasic distribution is of special importance for inclined retort ovensbecause, as is well known, the different heights occasion irregularitiesdue to the tendency of the buoyant hot gases to flow toward the upperportion of the inclined space, which tend to impair the regularity ofthe flame flow and distribution. In the shell enclosing the retort groupit is, of course, im-

possible to prescribe for the ilaine compulsory routes as exact oraccurate as 1s the case l in the heating walls of chamber ovens (cokeovens) brought now-aedays to a high degree of perfection from a heatingpoint of view.

In addition to this lack of uniformity in regard to the flow tendenciesof the buoyant hot gases, there also appears a correlated phenomenon inthat, notwithstanding the correct relationship of the gas and airsupplygenerally, some burners receive more gas and others more air. It voftenhappens that combustion takes place beyond the oven proper because ofdelayed mixing of the oxygen, producing an uneconomic after-burning,inasmuch as the oven proper is no longer benefited thereby.

According to the invention, these two phenomena are to be eliminatedtogether, that is to say, in slanting retorts both the onesided effectof the flow tendencies of the buoyant hot gases is to be compensated anda systematic joint guidance of the flames of the different burner placesis to be made compulsory within the oven proper. This is accomplished byerecting, at the turning place of the flame path above the retorts, thatis to say in a nine-retort oven above the central row of retorts. a wallextending up to under the arch of the shell and having only at one placea passage for the gases which must go through at that point. This portin the complete combustion. By locating this passage opening towards thelower end of the retorts, it is made possible to counteractV the greaterupflow tendencies of the buoyant hot gases on the other side, in so faras now the flame has to pass downward again.

In addition to the generalobjects recited above, the invention has forfurther objects such other improvements and advantages in constructionand operation as are found to obtain in the structures anddeviceshereinafter described or claimed. v

In the accompan ing-drawings, forming a part of this speciiication andshowin for purposes of exemplilication, a pre eried form and manner inwhich the invention may be embodied and practiced, 'but without limitingthe claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance orinstances:

Fig. 1 is a section taken crosswise of the retorts of a retort oven; and

Fig. 2 is a section taken longitudinally of the retorts. A

The oven shown in the drawings is constructed and operated according tom copending application Serial No. 497,363, filed August 31, 1921, forgas retort, (which has now matured into Patent No. 1,663,847), for

which I have filed'an application in Germany' Feb. 2, 1920, applicationNo. K71945V/24c, and is provided above the central retort row with aseparating wall 30 which separates the up-iiow from the down-flow Iluesand extends to the arch 10, whereb the envelope enclosing the retorts isdivi ed into two compartments. In this separatin wall or partition 3()an opening 31 is provided and given such dimensions in the first placethat all the gases must pass through here, intimately mixed,

yso that an after-burnin of possibly still u n- `burnt parts which mig tbenefit the oven isl brought about. Now, by arranging this opening 31further at the lower end of the retorts, a counter-eifect is obtainedagainst the onesided up-ilow tendencies of the buoyant hot gases inconsequence of the oblique or inc'lined position of the retorts, so thatan ad-4 ditional equalization is accomplished in re- 1o a plurality ofretorts grouped in a flame chamber common to' and enveloping saidgrouped lretorts, said chamber being partitioned into two groups offlame flues, for alternate inflow and outflow, that surround saidretorts and port into a crown-space in the topv of said chamber aboveand extending overthe group of said flues and retorts; a partitiondividing said crown-space between the two portions thereof into whichrespectively the said inflow and outfiowflues port, the said partitionhaving in it aport that determines the place of the flow from the saidinflow portion to the said outflow portion of said crown-space; andregenerators respectively connected with said alternately inflow andoutflow flues; substantially as specified.

2. In a gas retort structure, in combination a plurality of retortsgrouped in a flame chamber common to and enveloping said groupedretorts, said chamber being partitioned into' two groups of flame flues,for lalternate inflow and outflow, that surround said retorts and portvinto a crown-space in the topA of said chamber above and extending overthe group of said flues and retorts; and a partition dividing saidcrown-space between the two portions thereof into which respectively thesaid inflow and outflow flues port, the said partition having in it aport that determines the place ofthe flow from the said inflow portionto the said outflow portion of said crown space; substantially asspecified. y

- 3. In a gas retort structure, in combination: a plurality of retortsgrouped in a flame chamber common to and enveloping said groupedretorts, said chamber being partitioned into two groups of flame flues,for alternate inflow and outflow, that surround said retorts and portinto a crown-space in the top of said chamber above and extending overthe group of said flues and retorts; and a partition dividing saidcrown-space between the two portions thereof into which respectively thesaid inflow and outflow flues port, the said partition'having in it aport that is located at one end of said crown-'space and that determinesthe place of the flow' from the said inflow portion to the said outflowportion of said crown space; substantially as specified.

4. In a gas retort structure, in combination a plurality of inclinedretorts grouped in a flame chamber common to and enveloping said groupedretorts, said chamber being partitioned into two groups of flame flues,for alternate inflow and outflow, that surround said retorts and portinto an inclined crown-space in the top of said chamber above andextending over the group of said flues and retorts; land a partitiondividing said crown-space between the two portions thereof into'whichrespec'tively the said inflow and outflow flues e lower end of saidcrown-space burner places and connected with regenerators for preheatingthe gas and air with which said chamber is fired and a partitiondividing into halves' the said flame chamber enveloping said retorts,the'said halves operating alternately, on draft reversal, for inflow andoutflow, and the said partition having in it a port located nearvthelower end of the group' of inclined retorts and determining the place offlow from the inflow portion to the outflow portion of said partitionedchamber whereby all of the off-gas from the individual burner places `insaid flame chamber is directed in a common course to effect compensationof gas and air surplus and also counteract the unequal distribution dueto the tendency of the hot gas to flow toward the'upper end of theinclined retorts.

HEINRIH KOPPERS.

